Criminal Justice and Alternatives to Incarceration (ATI) · 4.4 Human Rights Protection

Partially meets the criterion.

Mexico has a national legal framework regulating the use of force based on the principles of legality, necessity, proportionality, prevention, and accountability. The National Law on the Use of Force and its constitutional review by the Supreme Court establish a direct legal basis, while the National Human Rights Programme provides a policy framework aimed at preventing violations by security authorities.

However, the available evidence does not demonstrate effective implementation, systematic national monitoring, or verified reduction of excessive use of force. Sufficient specific evidence on application and outcomes in drug-policy-related interventions was also not identified. ENPOL documents reported experiences of violence during detention, and CNDH recommendations show operational failures in subnational cases, confirming that the gap between law and practice remains relevant. Therefore, the criterion is partially met: national regulation and institutional oversight exist, but sufficient evidence of effective enforcement, sustained results, and homogeneous operational control remains missing.